Electrical & Electronic Engineering

Electrical and Electronic Engineering is an exciting and dynamic field. Electrical engineers are responsible for the generation, transfer and conversion of electrical power, while electronic engineers are concerned with the transfer of information using radio waves, the design of electronic circuits, the design of computer systems and the development of control systems such as aircraft autopilots. These sought-after engineers can look forward to a rewarding and respected career.

Your Career as an Electrical Engineer

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Electrical engineering is a profession that uses science, technology, and problem-solving skills to design, construct, and maintain products, services, and information systems. Electrical engineering is the historical name for what is now called electrical, electronics, and computer engineering.
Typically electrical engineers have earned a Bachelor's or Master's degree in engineering in areas that include electronics, electrical engineering, or computer engineering. A junior engi- neer may spend the first year or two on the job learning the company's products and design procedures before choosing a technical specialty. Job responsibilities include specification, design, development, and implementation of products or systems, as well as research to create new ideas. This role provides a number of challenges ranging from problem identification and the selection of appropriate technical solutions, materials, test equipment, and procedures, to the manufacture and production of safe, economical, high-performance products and services.
An electrical engineer may choose to couple the technical aspects of a position with management responsibilities. The technical expertise required for management today is increasing because of the explosion of knowledge in engineering, technology, and science.
A Bachelor of Science degree in engineering with a specialty in electrical engineering may also serve as a starting point for careers in many other diverse fields, ranging from business to law, medicine, and politics, since the problem-solving skills acquired in an electrical engineering program provide an extraordinarily valuable asset. The same skills will equip you to assume leadership roles in your community and in professional circles outside the workplace.
In addition to the primary fields of electrical, electronics, and computer engineering, a Bachelor's degree in electrical engineering serves as an appropriate base for several allied fields. These include, for example, biomedical engineering, com- puter science, and aerospace engineering.

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Your Career in the Electrical, Electronics, and Computer Engineering Fields

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In the 1700s, Benjamin Franklin, Alessandro Volta, Luigi Galvani, and other early thinkers sought to understand the nature of an unseen, unnamed energy. Their test materials consisted of such things as kites, frogs' legs, zinc, and salt water. But their findings allowed pioneers in the 18OOs--Ampere, Faraday, Ohm, and Oersted--to discover the electrical properties known as charge, resistance, potential, and current, and the dynamics among them.
Within the next hundred years, Charles Wheatstone and Samuel F. B. Morse had developed electrical communication, resulting in networks of telegraph lines over land and under the sea. The telephone was beginning to transform the concept of communication within cities, while Edison's incandescent light shone in factories, stores, schools, and homes. In 1904 John Ambrose Fleming's diode tube harnessed the electron in a revolutionary way. Electronics was born.
As the heirs to Faraday's and Flemings work, today's electrical, electronics, and computer engineers, technologists, and technicians continue to revolutionize the way we live. We depend on the hundreds of thousands of these individuals who design, produce, operate and maintain a vast array of equipment and services.
Radio, television, telephones, computers, airplanes, space vehicles, automobiles, refrigerators and heaters, office machinery and home appliances, life-saving medical equipment and Martian battles fought with joysticks represent a mere sampling of the now familiar facets of life made possible by engineers, technologists and technicians. In our age of satellite-transmitted television and transcontinental computer networks, the challenges and opportunities in this dedicated profession continue to mushroom. Today's careers, like electricity itself, have enormous potential.
The implementation of ideas through new products, systems, and services is the essence of engineering as a socially responsible profession. The rapid changes in electrical, electronics, and computer technology and the diversity of applications require a broad educational background and a lifelong commitment to learning new and specialized information.
This brochure describes some of the many challenging careers in electrical, electronics, and computer engineering and the educational path necessary to become an engineer, technologist, or technician. Whether you're a student, faculty advisor, or parent, this information will help you make sound decisions about a lifetime pursuit.

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What we do about it

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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrical_engineering

Electrical energy systems - encompass the study and design of electrical transmission systems, electrical machines and variable speed drives; high power electronic converters and high voltage engineering. This requires engineering on a grand scale, such as power distribution across Southern Africa. Power generation from renewable resources, such as wind and sun, and electrical transport, such as battery electrical vehicles, are of growing importance in the electrical engineering field and postgraduate studies.
Electronics - the study of components and circuits used to construct items such as audio amplifiers, radio transmitters and computer circuits. Students learn about elementary electrical components, transistors, integrated circuits, computer circuitry and power electronics. The field specialises in areas such as microwave electronics, superconducting electronics, ultra-high speed electronics and the prevention of electromagnetic interference between devices.
Electromagnetic systems - are diverse and complex, ranging from the study of the electromagnetic effects of motors and electrical insulators to radio and radar antennas, radio waves and visible light (fibre optics). The scope of study ranges from undergraduate introductory courses to world class research at graduate level.
Computer systems - students are trained to design and implement computers and digital electronic systems. This field also covers the design and construction of microcomputers built to control almost every electrical appliance, from automatic irrigation systems to autopilots for aircraft. Computer programming for embedded systems and reconfigurable logic circuits and the use and development of real time operating systems to address a variety of engineering problems, are also of key importance.
Control systems - range from the temperature control in air conditioning systems to the sophisticated automatic landing systems that allow aircraft to land autonomously in thick fog or to point camera systems accurately from satellites to target areas on the ground. Students learn techniques to design control systems for both electronic (analogue) and computer (digital) implementations and also to apply the knowledge in other branches of engineering.
Signal processing - Speech, radio waves and television images are all examples of signals. Students study the behaviour of these signals and apply computers usefully to process them (eg speech, speaker and image recognition, software defined radios and protocols). Mathematical aids are created to analyze and understand these signals. Postgraduate students are involved with leading edge research in speech processing, radar and sonar, image processing, software defined radios and protocols/networks.

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